| Welcome to the GTS Telecom Technical Glossary. In our business there is a huge number of technical terms to understand and there are literally hundreds of abbreviations and acronyms. This Technical Glossary is intended to help you check precise definitions and how they fit into the "bigger picture" of what we do, being the definitive resource on how to spell technical or GTS Telecom -specific terms. Where a term defines a GTS Telecom service or term, it is highlighted with the company logo. It is a good exercise just to read these entries alone, to broaden your knowledge of what we do. This Technical Glossary will be continually updated.
The list is not designed to be comprehensive. If you cannot find a term here try one of the leading online technical dictionaries such as www.whatis.com.
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A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
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A circuit connecting an end user location with the serving central office in a local network environment. Also called the "local loop", "local tail" or "last mile." See also local loop and last mile |
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The transmission speed between the end user location and the network. This is measured in bits per second (bit/s), kilobits per second (kbit/s), Megabits per second (Mbit/s) and Gigabits per second (Gbit/s). It is also referred to as access speed and bandwidth. |
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Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is a member of the DSL family that supports data speeds up to 8Mbit/s downstream and 640kbit/s upstream. ADSL delivers data communications over the same telephone line used for voice. Asymmetric refers to the fact that the downstream rate is higher than the upstream rate. This asymmetry is a good fit for multimedia applications, real time streaming, web and application hosting, and e-commerce. |
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The total bandwidth of a communications channel or device /equipment carrying a multiplexed bitstream. |
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Either an independent entity or retail arm of a mobile operator selling airtime aquired from GSM networks to individual and corporateend-users. |
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Current dial-up services require the user to "make a call" to the ISP. The connection is only active during the duration of the call. When a computer is linked continuously to the Internet via a dedicated connection, this connection is "always on" because no dial-up process is needed. |
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The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is a voluntary organization that creates standards for the computer industry. For example, ANSI C is a version of the C language that has been approved by the ANSI committee. In addition to programming languages, ANSI sets standards for a wide range of technical areas, from electrical specifications to communications protocols. |
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Application Programming Interface. |
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The traditional technology used for voice transmission. Sound waves (or other data) are converted into electrical impulses and sent over twisted copper pairs, so that they fluctuate in the same pattern as the original signal. |
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An Application Service Provider (ASP) is a company which provides a location-independent, web-based application, frequently on a pay-per-seat or pay-per-user basis. Demand for and provision of ASP services is forecast to increase hugely and will be a key driver of the next phase of the bandwidth revolution. |
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Alternate network: a service provider that is independent of established incumbant -nation al telco provider-. |
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Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a packet-switching protocol that organises data into 53-byte cell units and transmits them over a physical medium using digital signal technology. The small, constant cell size allows ATM equipment to transmit video, audio and data over the same network, and ensures that no single type of data slows down the connection speed. This ability to accommodate voice, video and data transmission makes it an important technology for full-service networks. |
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An interactive graphical representationof a player in a game set in online envirnment (virtual world). |
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A backbone is a larger transmission network that carries data gathered from smaller lines that interconnect with it. At a local level it constitutes the wide area connection between local area networks; on the Internet, a backbone is a set of paths that local or regional networks connect to for long-distance interconnection, such as the GTS Central Europe backbone. |
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The capacity of a data connection or network to carry data, generally measured in terms of the speed with which the data can be transmitted (see bit/s). Thus, a modem that works at 57,600 bit/s has twice the bandwidth of a modem that works at 28,800 bit/s. See also access rate. |
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Baud was the prevalent measure for data transmission speed until replaced by a more accurate term, bps (bits per second). |
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The GTS Telecom term and service for provision in the company's DataCenter the space (racks, rack positions), conditioned managed environment and secure facilities (UPS, HVAC and redundant IP network connectivity) for customer-owned server equipment. A number of flexible connectivity packages and billing arrangements are available. One can find as industry generic term housing. |
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Basic Internet Access is a GTS Telecom connectivity service consisting in an always on connection. Basic Internet Access is part of the BusinessConnect package |
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The bit error rate (BER) is the percentage of bits that have errors relative to the total number of bits received in a transmission, usually expressed as ten to a negative power. |
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A class of telecom services with no defined parameters for delivery of traffic. |
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Border Gatway Protocol is an interautonomous system routing protocol. An autonomous system is a network or group of networks under a common administration and with common routing policies. BGP is used to exchange routing information for the Internet and is the protocol used between Internet service providers (ISP) |
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bits per second; basic measurement of the speed with which data can be transmitted. Larger units are sometimes used to denote high data speeds. One kilobit per second (kbit/s, kbps) is equal to 1,000 bit/s. One megabit per second (Mbit/s) is equal to 1,000,000 bit/s or 1,000 kbit/s. |
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A device that combines various networks into a single seamless network. |
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Broadband refers to connectivity that provides multiple channels of data over a single communications medium, typically using some form of frequency or wave division multiplexing (see DWDM). Generally a minimum speed of 1.5 Mbit/s. |
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A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web |
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British Thermal Unit: The heat value dissipated from a technical equipment or the power of a heating /cooling system per hour. (1W= 3.41 BTU /h) |
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GTS Telecom package of connectivity services deigned to solve any data connectivity need of the corporate customers in the retail market. BusinessConnect contains the services DedicatedConnect, Basic Internet Access, DialupConnect, ISDN, Traveller) |
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cable modem |
A cable modem connects a PC to a cable TV line, providing a gateway for uploading and downloading data transmission at asymmetrical speeds. While cable modems offer greater capabilities, bandwidth is shared among all users on a line. This can reduce connection speeds considerably as more users connect. |
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In the telecommunications industry, a carrier is a telephone or other company that sells or rents telecommunication transmission services. e.g. RomTelecom, Radiocomunicatii (SNR) etc |
CBR |
Constant Bit Rate, needed for time-sensitive applications such as Voice over IP, audio/video streaming video-on-demand etc. |
CDN |
A Content Distribution Network (CDN) service places the content that is viewed by the end user as close as possible to them on the network, enhancing the user experience by bypassing internet traffic jams and preserving bandwidth. GTS Telecom currently offers CDN in partnership with the world leader Akamai. |
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Collocation (also spelled "co-location" or "collocation") is the generic industry term for provision of a safe managed environment for a customer's own telecommunications equipment and connection from there to the GTS Telecom network. |
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Refers to the company's communication solutions and services implemented to enable communication between PC stand-alone, LAN, etc. |
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Refers to additional services offered by an ISP to the customers, like configurations of e-mail servers, web servers, LAN servers, troubleshooting etc. |
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Refers to the customer's connectivity solution to the ISP's PoP, including local tail, customer premises equipment, bandwidth configuration etc |
customer Location |
The location the customer chooses to have an IP data connection (DedicatedConnect, IP VPN etc) |
CNI |
Customer Network Interface (CNI) is the interface between the Customer Premises Equipment and the customer's equipment and local network. |
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Refers to the service provider equipment (ISP, telco, etc) that is located on the customer's premises (physical location) routers, modems, DSL routers, IP Telephony devices are examples. |
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Communication network designed, deployed and managed for data communication purposes. It includes backbone, interconnection (peerings) with other service providers, customer's access connections. Data communication services is a general term including , ATM, Frame Relay, IP, IP Telephony, X.25 etc |
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The GTS Telecom DataCenter located in Bucharest is high-specification hosting center for all forms of web hosting and storage solutions which are environmentally conditioned and highly secure with in-built power and network redundancy, built on top of the GTS Telecom network. From the DataCenter GTS Telecom provides a wide range of market-leading Hosting Services. |
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GTS Telecom -specific term for provision of servers and connection through the network. The equipment is owned, installed and managed by GTS Telecom. A selection of operating solutions and application suites are provided with which server content can be managed. |
DES/3DES |
Data Encryption Standard developed in 1975 and standardised by ANSI in 1981 as ANSI X.3.92. DES uses a 56-bit key. Also TripleDES, a data encryption standard that produces three DES algorithm iterations consecutively to improve the security of data. |
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Dedicated Connect (DeCo) is a GTS Telecom connectivity service which gives customers a high-speed, always on, single-contract connection to the Internet, with a redundant local tail connection. Dedicated Connect is a service included in the BusinessConnect GTS Telecom connectivity package. |
denial of service |
On the Internet, a denial of service (DoS) attack is an incident in which a user or organization is deprived of the services of a resource they would normally expect to have. Typically, the loss of service is the inability of a particular network service, such as e-mail, to be available or the temporary loss of all network connectivity and services |
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The process of calling through the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) to connect computers using modems to the Internet. Used, for instance, for Internet access, email, roaming IP access to an IP VPN. DialupConnect is a service included in the BusinessConnect GTS Telecom connectivity package. |
digital cross connect (SDH) |
An electronic switch between (SDH) ports in order to route and configure connections remotely. |
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A Domain Name System (DNS) is designed to link user-friendly text names with specific (less memorable) IP addresses. You use DNS to identify your business on the Internet as www.yourcompany.com. In DNS, each host on your network belongs to your domain. When you use both the host name and the domain name, you're using a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN). |
downstream |
The direction of data flow from the network to the end user. |
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Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) is equipment which transforms standard telephone lines into high-speed data communications links. See ADSL, HDSL, SDSL, VDSL, and XDSL. |
DSL bridge |
A DSL bridge is a device that combines one or more networks into a single seamless network. |
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A Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) is a device used to aggregate data traffic from many DSL subscribers into one high-speed signal. |
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Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is a technology that puts data from different sources together on a fibre optic |
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Data connection digital line with a baudrate of 2Mbit/s, or 32 timeslots. The net data communication speed (bandwidth) used on a E-1 circuit is 1984kbit/s or 30 timeslots, 2 timeslots being retained for data communication signaling. |
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Data connection digital line with a baudrate of 34Mbit/s or 17E-1. The net data communication speed (bandwidth) is 32Mbit/s or 16E-1 |
EBITDA |
Abbreviation for Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortisation.
EBITDA is an approximation for operating cash flow of a company. By not including non-operating cash flow items such as interest and taxes and non-monetary items such as depreciation and amortisation, you can clearly see the amount of money a company is bringing in (or spending if negative). |
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E-business (electronic business), derived from such terms as "e-mail" and "e-commerce," is the conduct of business on the Internet, not only buying and selling but also servicing customers and collaborating with business partners. |
ERP |
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a generic term for any pan-organisational application which focuses on the management of company resources. |
Ethernet |
The most widely used technology for installing LAN networks. |
Estimated Time of Repair (ETR) |
The time interval needed by the GTS Telecom engineers to re-establish the Client's data connection. ETR is mentioned in the first Trouble Ticket issued and sent to the Client. |
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An extranet is a private network that uses the Internet protocol (IP) and the public telecommunication system to securely share part of a business's information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other businesses. An extranet can be viewed as part of a company's intranet that is extended to users outside the company |
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Encryption is the conversion of data into a form, called a ciphertext, that cannot be easily understood by unauthorized people. |
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FD |
Full Duplex (simultaneous two-way communication path) |
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Frame Relay (FR) is a packet-switching networking access standard used in many high-speed corporate networks. |
FRAD |
A Frame Relay Access Device (FRAD) is used for connecting into a Frame Relay network. |
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A firewall is a set of related programs, located at a network gateway server that protects the resources of a private network from users from other networks. The term also implies the security policy that is used with the programs. See also Managed Firewall Services |
FTP |
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet. FTP is commonly used to transfer Web page files from their creator to the computer that acts as their server for everyone on the Internet. It's also commonly used to download programs and other files to your computer from other servers. |
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Gigabits per second, around a million bit/s (also spelled as Gbps or Gb/s) |
gigabit ethernet channel |
Ethernet is the most widely installed LAN technology, typically using coaxial cable. A Gigabit Ethernet Channel provides the highest level of Ethernet connection at 1000 Megabits per second (1 Gigabit or 1 billion bits per second). |
GPRS |
General Packet Radio Switching (GPRS) is a protocol intended to enable mobile handset users to access email and multimedia more effectively over the GSM network. |
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GTS Telecom is part of GTS Central Europe, the leading regional alternative operator, with coomercial activities developed in Czech, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Sloavkia.
The company delivers to the corporate market a full range of carrier and corporate networking solutions, hosting and Internet services. GTS Telecom operates its own, build on top of the network, DataCenter in Bucharest, hosting and collocation platform providing maximum security and physical environment necessary to keep clients servers and applications up and running around the clock.
The company operates an external link of 1580Mb/s, 70% of which are contracts with guaranteed capacity to clients, and a national network of 18 points of presence (PoP) in Arad, Bucureºti, Bacãu, Braºov, Cluj, Craiova, Constanþa, Deva, Focºani, Galaþi, Iaºi, Oradea, Piatra-Neamþ, Ploieºti, Sibiu, Târgoviºte, Timiºoara, Târgu-Mures. |
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High Bit-Rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL) is widely used for expensive E-1/ T-1 service from the telephone companies. It is symmetrical, with a maximum 1.5Mbit/s up and downstream over two copper phone lines. It requires two phone lines as opposed to SDSL's one. |
housing |
Generic industry term for what GTS Telecom calls Basic Hosting. |
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Heat, Ventilation, Air Conditioning; environmental controls installed in the GTS Telecom DataCenter to maintain the ambient conditions for the servers hosted. |
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Hosting is a generic industry term for the provision of spaces and Internet connectivity for customer server equipment. GTS Telecom -specific hosting services, offered through the GTS Telecom DataCenters, include Basic Hosting and Dedicated Hosting SharedHosting. Hosting is also GTS Telecom DataCenter service |
HTML |
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a set of markup symbols or codes inserted in a file intended for display on a World Wide Web browser page |
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ICP |
An Internet Content Provider (ICP) puts material on the Internet (e.g. the CNN website or IKEA's online catalogue). |
Internet Telephony |
Voice services over the Internet, unmanaged by a single provider and dependent on peering agreements between backbone operators. |
IT&C |
Information Technology and Communications, the industrial sector in which GTS Telecom operates |
IDSL |
IDSL delivers a symmetric 144 kbit/s without the dial-up and usage charges of an ISDN service. |
intranet |
The main purpose of an intranet is to share company information and computing resources among employees. An intranet can also be used to facilitate working in groups and for teleconferences.
Typically, larger enterprises allow users within their intranet to access the public Internet through Firewall servers that have the ability to screen messages in both directions so that company security is maintained. When part of an intranet is made accessible to customers, partners, suppliers, or others outside the company, that part becomes part of an Extranet.
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Internet Protocol, the underlying language of the Internet. (also known as TCP/IP) see also protocol |
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An Internet address or IP address is a unique computer (host) location on the Internet (expressed either as a unique string of numbers or as its associated domain name (DNS) |
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A set of protocols developed to support secured exchange of packets at the IP layer. As deployed by GTS Telecom in the IP VPN service. |
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Voice over a public managed IP network designed to complement or compete with PSTN traffic. Operated by a service provider. |
IPT |
Internet Protocol Transit, a key GTS Telecom service which provides customers with guaranteed managed connectivity with strict service level agreements (SLA) at speeds ranging from minimum 2 Mbit/s . |
IPv6 |
The forthcoming Internet Protocol designed to replace IPv4, with 128-bit addressing, auto configuration, new security features and real-time communications and multi-casting support. |
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GTS Telecom service, representing Virtual Private Network -IP based. The service is the corporate communication platform dedicated for companies with offices located in different cities and/or countries. The service provides built-in security solutions and guaranteed service levels, managed routers, managed firewalls, ISDN back up for the local tail connections, secure internet access and 7x24 customer support. |
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Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is an early member of the DSL family with a maximum speed of 128 kbit/s. Unlike DSL it's a dial-up service that includes usage-based pricing. |
ISP |
Internet Service Provider |
ITU |
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is an intergovernmental organisation through which public and private organizations develop telecommunications. |
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kilobits per second (kbit/s is always written with a lower case "k" as per the ITU standard abbreviation). One kilobit is usually taken to be 1,024 bits; a measurement of bandwidth. (also spelled as kbps or kb/s) |
kByte |
kiloByte (one Byte, also known as octet or word) is a group of eight bits. This unit measures the traffic registered on a data communication line in a certain time, no meter the communication speed or bandwidth. |
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Local Area Network |
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In fixed line networks, the last mile refers to the last stretch of copper connecting the end-user's physical location to the PTT central office. |
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Linux is a operating system (e.g. MS-DOS, Windows 9x, 2000, XP) that was designed to provide personal computer users a free or very low-cost operating system comparable to traditional and usually more expensive systems. |
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A generic term for the connection between the customer's premises (office, home etc.) and the provider's central office. See also access line and last mile |
LTP |
Local Tail Provider |
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managed services |
Includes all non-standard customer services activities (e.g. consultancy, custom engineering and design, non-standard troubleshooting etc) |
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Megabits per second (note capital "M" in Mbit/s as opposed to lower case "k" in kbit/s); roughly 1,000,000 bit/s or 1,000 kbit/s; a measurement of bandwidth |
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GTS Telecom's Managed Firewall Service is a total firewall solution that begins with onsite configuration followed by implementation of hardware and software with guaranteed service levels. It works in combination with GTS Telecom’s IP VPN or DedicatedConnect services to provide entirely secure networking and connectivity access. |
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A term which is actually based on the function of the device itself. A modem converts analogue waveforms into digital data and vice versa (modulator and demodulator). In xDSL, the device that is at each end of the xDSL circuit is being generically referred to as a modem. |
MPEG1 |
High compression algorithm for full motion video introduced by MPEG in 1991. MPEG1 is designed to provide a resolution of 352 by 240 pixels at 30 frames per second. |
MPEG2 |
Video compression standard selected by MPEG. Designed to provide a resolution of 720 by 480 pixels at 30 frames per second. |
MPLS |
MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS) is an evolving standard for speeding up data communication over data communication networks. |
MRC |
Monthly Recurring Charge |
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Multiplexing is sending multiple signals or streams of information on a carrier at the same time in the form of a single, complex signal and then recovering the separate signals at the receiving end. |
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Multimedia is more than one concurrent presentation medium (for example, on CD-ROM or a Web site). Multimedia is typically used to mean the combination of text, sound, and/or motion video using a computer. The course of the multimedia presentation in a certain moment is decided by the audience. |
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narrowband |
Data connection of under 56 kbit/s. See also broadband |
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A connectivity solution designed and implemented by an ISP to the client. |
NIC |
A Network Interface Card (NIC) is the circuit board or hardware that serves as the interface between a computer and the data communications network. |
NOC |
Network Operations Center |
NRC |
Non-Recurring Charge |
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PHP |
In Web programming, PHP is a script language and interpreter that is freely available and used primarily on Linux Web servers |
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A Point-of-Presence (PoP) is an access point to the Internet and necessarily has a unique IP address. |
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Portal is a term, generally synonymous with gateway, for a World Wide Web site that is or proposes to be a major starting site for users when they get connected to the Web or that users tend to visit as an anchor site. There are general portals and specialized or niche portals. Some major general portals include Yahoo, Excite, Netscape, Lycos, CNET, Microsoft Network, and America Online's AOL.com. |
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Agreed-upon methods of communications used by computers; a specification that describes the rules and procedures that products should follow to perform activities on a network, such as transmitting data; if they use the same protocols, products from different vendors should be able to communicate on the same network. |
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Public Switched Telephone Network, (e.g. the RomTelecom voice network) |
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In many cases, Public Telecommunications Operators (PTOs) replaced the PTTs following deregulation and are no longer government-owned. PTOs are more common today than PTTs (e.g. RomTelecom). |
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Literally "Post, Telegraph and Telephone Administration," a PTT has come to mean a government-controlled telephone service provider. See also PTO. |
PVC |
A Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC) is a permanent association between two data terminals, widely used in X.25 and Frame Relay networks. |
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QoS |
Quality of Service, specifically in relation to GTS Telecom's range of connectivity services |
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rack |
The space in a DataCenter used for customer servers; subdivided into sub-racks |
redundancy |
Having one or more backup systems available in case of failure of the main system. |
retail |
Retail, as opposed to wholesale, customers use the GTS Telecom service they buy themselves rather than reselling it on to their own customers. |
RIPE |
Reseaux IP Europeens (RIPE) is the organisation that assigns IP addresses in Europe. The RIPE Network Coordination Center (RIPE NCC) is one of three Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) in the world today, providing allocation and registration services which support the operation of the Internet globally. |
router |
A device that forwards data traffic between data communication networks. Routed service means your LAN is defined as a separate network from your ISP's network. A router examines the network addresses in the packets it receives and forwards data destined for the Internet to the ISP's router. |
RTT |
Round Trip Time in data transmission is the time needed for the signal on a network to rich a certain destination and return back. |
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In computer programming, a script is a computer program or sequence of instructions that is interpreted or carried out by another program e.g. Java Script |
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Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, an international standard for synchronous data transmission over fibre optic cables. The North American equivalent of SDH is SONET. SDH defines a standard rate of transmission at 155.52 Mbit/s STM-1 is equivalent to SONET's Optical Carrier (OC) levels. |
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Symmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL) is a symmetrical (equal upstream and downstream speed) DSL service. |
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Security policy is a set of internal rules of a company that states a plan to protect the company's physical and information technology IT&C assets. It includes: access control systems and methodology, disaster recovery, data encryption, firewalls etc. |
server management |
Management of the server, including server monitoring, problem resolution, hardware and software updates, performing backups/restores, and all other activities needed to operate a server. |
server monitoring |
Monitoring of the server (hardware and/or operating systems software) for error situations. If an error occurs, the customer will be notified by email or phone where it is the customer's responsibility to solve the problem. |
service description |
Service description is a document included in the Customer Contract containing the specification and explanation of the technical elements of a service. |
set top box |
A transmission/reception device that acts as an interface, typically to a television or other video output display device. |
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Similar to web hosting except that the web servers are shared between several customers, i.e. each customer only gets part of a server. Shared Hosting is a GTS Telecom DataCenter service |
SI |
Systems Integrator |
SNMP |
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a set of protocols for managing complex networks. |
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A Service Level Agreement (SLA) is a contractual document between a communication service provider and a customer that specifies, usually in measurable terms, what services are provided, in what locations, with what quality parameters and the methods used for the calculation of the fulfilled quality parameters. |
SME |
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), generally defined as employing between 5 and 250 people. Key users of GTS Telecom networking solutions. |
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Short for Synchronous Optical Network, a standard for connecting fibre-optic transmission systems. SONET defines interface standards at the physical layer of the OSI seven-layer model. The standard defines a hierarchy of interface rates that allow data streams at different baudrates to be multiplexed. The international equivalent of SONET, standard is SDH. |
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Technology as used in multimedia services for transferring data so that it can be processed as a steady and continuous stream, particularly for multimedia transmissions such as web casts. With streaming, the client browser or plug-in can start displaying the data before the entire file has been transmitted. For streaming to work, the client side receiving the data must be able to collect the data and send it as a steady "stream" to the application that is processing the data and converting it to sound or pictures. |
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Data connection digital line with a baudrate of 155Mbit/s. Is equivalent to OC-1 (Optical Carrier level) and includes a set of signal rate multiples for transmitting digital signals. See also Sonet |
SVC |
A Switched Virtual Circuit (SVC) is a virtual circuit connection established across a network on an as-needed basis and lasting only for the duration of the transfer. Used extensively in X.25 And FR networks. |
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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and TCP/IP are generally used to refer the family of common Internet protocols, although there are a number of others. |
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Time Division Multiplexing is a method of putting multiple data streams in a single signal by separating the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration. Each individual data stream is reassembled at the receiving end based on the timing. |
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Timeslot is a unit in Time-Division-Multiplexing (TDM), consisting of 64kbit/s digital transmission |
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GTS Telecom's Traveller service offers firms and employees easy and efficient remote access to the Internet/corporate network from any location, using more than 7,000 access points worldwide with simplified single-point billing and competitive local call rates. Traveller is part of the GTS Telecom BusinessConnect package |
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Step-by-step method of problem solving in different areas using predefined logical patterns |
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Represents the GTS Telecom reporting, tracking and management of the communication problems appeared in the Client's data connections. |
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Tunneling is the transmission of data intended for use only within a private, usually corporate network (VPN) through a public network in such a way that the nodes in the public network are unaware that the transmission is part of a private network. Used in the design and implementation of VPNs, tunneling is done by encapsulating the private network data and protocol information within the public network transmission, so that the private network protocol information appears like being public network data. Tunneling allows the use of the Internet, which is a public network, to convey data on behalf of a private network (VPN), and the main difference between VPN and WAN |
twisted pair |
A common form of copper cabling used for telephony and data communications, a twisted pair consists of two copper lines twisted around each other; the twisting protects the communications from electromagnetic frequency and radio frequency interference. |
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upstream |
The direction of data flow from the customer site to the Internet. |
UMTS |
Universal Mobile Telephony Standard (UMTS) is scheduled to bring third generation mobile Internet phones to Europe, providing broadband connections. |
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Uniform Resource Link, an address of a file (resource) accessible on the Internet (Intranet or Extranet); the type of resource depends on the Internet application protocol; the URL contains the name of the protocol required to access the resource, a domain name that identifies a specific computer on the Internet, and a hierarchical description of a file location on the computer; the standard way to give the address of any resource on the Internet that is part of the World Wide Web (WWW), e.g.: www.gtstelecom.ro. |
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Uninterruptible Power Source, a device supplying electrical power in case of black-out. The UPS are devices used in DataCenter |
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VAS |
In GTS Telecom terms, these are generally Value Added IP Services; services which offer additional functionality and benefits to customers, over and above the core value of GTS Telecom bandwidth and connectivity services |
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Very High Bit Rate DSL (VDSL) is a modem for twisted pair access operating at data rates from 12.9 to 52.8Mbit/s. These speeds are significantly faster than the current ADSL offerings. In addition to faster data rates, VDSL will offer much more scope for broadband applications, both for symmetrical and asymmetrical services. |
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An application allowing subscribers to view movies or other video programming on request. See also streaming and multimedia. |
V-LAN |
A virtual (or logical) LAN is a local area network with a definition that maps workstations on some other basis than geographic location (for example, by department, type of user, or primary application). The virtual LAN controller can change or add workstations and manage the bandwidth allocation more easily than with a physical picture of the LAN. Network management software keeps track of relating the virtual picture of the local area network with the actual physical picture. |
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A broad term commonly used to describe any method by which voice traffic is transported over IP. VoIP includes LAN, WAN and VPN traffic as well as voice over the Internet. Typically, VoIP is implemented at the equipment/software level rather than by a service provider
GTS Telecom offers VoIP in combination with Dedicated Connect and IP VPN. |
VPC |
Virtual Path Connection |
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A virtual private network (VPN) is a way to use a public telecommunication infrastructure, such as the Internet, to provide remote offices or individual users with secure access to their organization's network maintaining privacy through security procedures and tunneling protocols. An additional level of security involves encrypting not only the data, but also the originating and receiving network addresses. |
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A wide area network (WAN) is a geographically dispersed telecommunications network. The usage of a wide area network -may it be private owned or rented- is generally public (shared) for all users, being possible the inclusion of public (shared user). |
WAP |
Wireless Application Protocol, the leading current protocol for interactive mobile usage |
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Process of transmission (broadcasting) on the Internet of audio and video signals |
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Dedicated server for the hosting and serving on the Internet of pages from web applications. Normally, a web server is hosted on a DataCenter |
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A wholesale customer is one who resells the GTS Telecom IP capacity or service to their own customers. |
W-LAN |
A Wireless Local Area Network connects to the Internet wirelessly within a limited radius. |
WLL |
Wireless Local Loop |
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The X.25 is a data transmission protocol that allows computers on different public networks (such as CompuServe, Tymnet, or a TCP/IP network) to communicate through an intermediary computer at the network layer level. |
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XDSL is a generic term used to refer to the entire family of DSL technologies. The X acts a placeholder for the initial letters of ADSL, HDSL, SDSL and VDSL. |
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